آموزش آرایه ها در PHP – کار با آرایه ها و توابع آرایه ها در PHP

/*Simple array*/
$msn_simple_array = array( 5, 'Mehdi', 3.14, array( 1, 2, 3, 4 ) );
var_dump( $msn_simple_array );

echo '<hr>';

/*Short array syntax*/
$msn_short_array_syntax = [ 10, 20, 30, 40 ];

$msn_customized_array_index = [
  ۸  => 'ahmad',
  ۱۰ => 'Mehdi',
  'abbas',
  ۲۰ => 'Soltani',
  ۳۰ => 'Gholam',
  'ghanbarak',
  ۳۱ => 'mamad',
  'Havicheh',

];

var_dump( $msn_customized_array_index );

//The return is something like this: 
array (size=7)
  ۸ => string 'ahmad' (length=5)
  ۱۰ => string 'Mehdi' (length=5)
  ۱۱ => string 'abbas' (length=5)
  ۲۰ => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
  ۳۰ => string 'Gholam' (length=6)
  ۳۱ => string 'mamad' (length=5)
  ۳۲ => string 'Havicheh' (length=8)

/*Simple associative arrays*/
$msn_simple_associative_array = [
  'first_name' => 'Mehdi',
  'last_name'  => 'Soltani',
  'profession' => 'programmer',
];

var_dump( $msn_simple_associative_array );

//Return is something like this:
array (size=3)
  'first_name' => string 'Mehdi' (length=5)
  'last_name' => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
  'profession' => string 'programmer' (length=10)

/*Simple Multidimensional arrays*/
$msn_simple_multidimensional_array = [
  [
    'first_name'  => 'Mehdi',
    'last_name'   => 'Soltani',
    'profession'  => 'programmer',
    'friend_name' => 'Agha Gholam',
  ],
  [
    'first_name' => 'Saeed',
    'last_name'  => 'Hoseini',
    'profession' => 'Digital Marketer',
  ],
  'abbas agha',
  ۶,
];

var_dump( $msn_simple_multidimensional_array );

//Return is something like this:
array (size=5)
  ۰ => 
    array (size=4)
      'first_name' => string 'Mehdi' (length=5)
      'last_name' => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
      'profession' => string 'programmer' (length=10)
      'friend_name' => string 'Agha Gholam' (length=11)
  ۱ => 
    array (size=3)
      'first_name' => string 'Saeed' (length=5)
      'last_name' => string 'Hoseini' (length=7)
      'profession' => string 'Digital Marketer' (length=16)
  ۲ => string 'abbas agha' (length=10)
  ۳ => int 6

/*Add or change array elements*/
$msn_customized_array_index[12] = 'Ghasem';
$msn_customized_array_index[10] = 'Mehran';
var_dump( $msn_customized_array_index );

$msn_simple_associative_array['first_name'] = 'gholam';
$msn_simple_associative_array['age']        = '230 years';
var_dump( $msn_simple_associative_array );

/*Check for being empty in array*/
var_dump( $msn_customized_array_index[42] ?? null );
var_dump( isset( $msn_customized_array_index[42] ) );
var_dump( empty( $msn_customized_array_index[42] ) );

echo isset( $msn_customized_array_index[42] ) ? $msn_customized_array_index[42] : 'Default Value';

//The return is in the following: 
array (size=8)
  ۸ => string 'ahmad' (length=5)
  ۱۰ => string 'Mehran' (length=6)
  ۱۱ => string 'abbas' (length=5)
  ۲۰ => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
  ۳۰ => string 'Gholam' (length=6)
  ۳۱ => string 'mamad' (length=5)
  ۳۲ => string 'Havicheh' (length=8)
  ۱۲ => string 'Ghasem' (length=6)

array (size=4)
  'first_name' => string 'gholam' (length=6)
  'last_name' => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
  'profession' => string 'programmer' (length=10)
  'age' => string '230 years' (length=9)
null
false
true
Default Value

*Add value to an array without having an index for it*/
$msn_adding_to_array[20] = 'Mehdi Soltani';
$msn_adding_to_array[]   = 100;
$msn_adding_to_array[]   = 'Agha Gholam';
var_dump( $msn_adding_to_array );

/*Simple Multidimensional arrays*/
$msn_simple_multidimensional_array = [
  [
    'first_name'  => 'Mehdi',
    'last_name'   => 'Soltani',
    'profession'  => 'programmer',
    'friend_name' => 'Agha Gholam',
  ],
  [
    'first_name' => 'Saeed',
    'last_name'  => 'Hoseini',
    'profession' => 'Digital Marketer',
  ],
  'abbas agha',
  ۶,
];

$msn_simple_multidimensional_array[] = [
  'first_name'  => 'Mehdi',
  'last_name'   => 'Gholami',
  'profession'  => 'Inkareh',
  'friend_name' => 'Saeed Hoseini',
];

var_dump( $msn_simple_multidimensional_array );

//The return is: 
array (size=3)
  ۲۰ => string 'Mehdi Soltani' (length=13)
  ۲۱ => int 100
  ۲۲ => string 'Agha Gholam' (length=11)

array (size=5)
  ۰ => 
    array (size=4)
      'first_name' => string 'Mehdi' (length=5)
      'last_name' => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
      'profession' => string 'programmer' (length=10)
      'friend_name' => string 'Agha Gholam' (length=11)
  ۱ => 
    array (size=3)
      'first_name' => string 'Saeed' (length=5)
      'last_name' => string 'Hoseini' (length=7)
      'profession' => string 'Digital Marketer' (length=16)
  ۲ => string 'abbas agha' (length=10)
  ۳ => int 6
  ۴ => 
    array (size=4)
      'first_name' => string 'Mehdi' (length=5)
      'last_name' => string 'Gholami' (length=7)
      'profession' => string 'Inkareh' (length=7)
      'friend_name' => string 'Saeed Hoseini' (length=13)

/*Using for loop to iterate in an array*/
$simple_loop_on_array = [ 100, 200, 300 ];
for ( $i = 0; $i < count( $simple_loop_on_array ); $i ++ ) {
  echo $simple_loop_on_array[ $i ];
  if ( $i < count( $simple_loop_on_array ) - 1 ) {
    echo ' - ';
  }
}

echo '<br>';
/*Using while loop to iterate in an array*/
$counter = 0;
while ( $counter < count( $simple_loop_on_array ) ) {
  echo $simple_loop_on_array[ $counter ];
  if ( $counter < count( $simple_loop_on_array ) - 1 ) {
    echo ' - ';
  }
  $counter ++;
}

echo '<br>';
/*Check isset and not empty for an array before iterating*/
if ( isset( $simple_loop_on_array ) && ! empty( $simple_loop_on_array ) ) {
  for ( $i = 0; $i < count( $simple_loop_on_array ); $i ++ ) {
    echo $simple_loop_on_array[ $i ];
    if ( $i < count( $simple_loop_on_array ) - 1 ) {
      echo ' - ';
    }
  }
}

//The return is:
۱۰۰ - ۲۰۰ - ۳۰۰
۱۰۰ - ۲۰۰ - ۳۰۰
۱۰۰ - ۲۰۰ - ۳۰۰

/*Using array_keys to get keys in an array*/
$msn_get_array_keys   = array_keys( $msn_simple_associative_array );
$msn_get_array_values = array_values( $msn_simple_associative_array );
var_dump( $msn_get_array_keys );
var_dump( $msn_get_array_values );

/*Sample of traversing in multi-dimensional array */
$employees               = [];
$employees['employee-1'] = [
  'id'         => 1394,
  'first_name' => 'gholam',
  'last_name'  => 'gholami',
  'profession' => 'khafan programmer',
];

$employees['employee-2'] = [
  'id'         => 1395,
  'first_name' => 'Sina',
  'last_name'  => 'Sajadi',
  'profession' => 'front-end developer',
];

$employees['employee-3'] = [
  'id'         => 1396,
  'first_name' => 'Saeed',
  'last_name'  => 'Kamyabi',
  'profession' => 'back-end developer',
];


$employees['employee-4'] = [
  'id'         => 1397,
  'first_name' => 'Abas',
  'last_name'  => 'Hajkenari',
  'profession' => 'translator',
];

$employees['employee-5'] = [
  'id'         => 1398,
  'first_name' => 'Mamad',
  'last_name'  => 'Reshad',
  'profession' => 'operator',
];

$employees['employee-6'] = [
  'id'         => 1399,
  'first_name' => 'Matin',
  'last_name'  => 'Tayefi',
  'profession' => 'khafan operator',
];

$employees['employee-7'] = [
  'id'         => 1400,
  'first_name' => 'Siavash',
  'last_name'  => 'Sedaghat',
  'profession' => 'accountant',
];

$employees['employee-8'] = [
  'id'         => 1401,
  'first_name' => 'Siavash',
  'last_name'  => 'Kameli',
  'profession' => 'khafan accountant',
];

$departments      = [];
$employee_counter = 1;
foreach ( $employees as $employee ) {
  switch ( $employee_counter ) {
    case 1:
    case 2:
    case 3:
      $departments['software_team'][] = $employee;
      break;
    case 4:
    case 5:
    case 6:
      $departments['reservation_team'][] = $employee;
      break;

    case 7:
    case 8:
      $departments['accounting_team'][] = $employee;
      break;
  }

  $employee_counter ++;
}

foreach ( $departments as $key_department => $value_department ) {
  echo '<pre>';
  echo '<em> Employees of ' . $key_department . '</em>:<br>';
  foreach ( $value_department as $employeee ) {
    echo "\t" . '<strong>ID of Employee</strong>: ' . $employeee['id'];
    echo ' , <strong>Name: </strong>' . $employeee['first_name'];
    echo ' , <strong>Family:</strong> ' . $employeee['last_name'];
    echo ' , <strong>Profession:</strong> ' . $employeee['profession'];
    echo '<br>';
  }
  echo '</pre>';
}

echo '<br>';

//The return is : 
array (size=4)
  ۰ => string 'first_name' (length=10)
  ۱ => string 'last_name' (length=9)
  ۲ => string 'profession' (length=10)
  ۳ => string 'age' (length=3)

array (size=4)
  ۰ => string 'gholam' (length=6)
  ۱ => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
  ۲ => string 'programmer' (length=10)
  ۳ => string '230 years' (length=9)

 Employees of software_team:
  ID of Employee: 1394 , Name: gholam , Family: gholami , Profession: khafan programmer
  ID of Employee: 1395 , Name: Sina , Family: Sajadi , Profession: front-end developer
  ID of Employee: 1396 , Name: Saeed , Family: Kamyabi , Profession: back-end developer
 Employees of reservation_team:
  ID of Employee: 1397 , Name: Abas , Family: Hajkenari , Profession: translator
  ID of Employee: 1398 , Name: Mamad , Family: Reshad , Profession: operator
  ID of Employee: 1399 , Name: Matin , Family: Tayefi , Profession: khafan operator
 Employees of accounting_team:
  ID of Employee: 1400 , Name: Siavash , Family: Sedaghat , Profession: accountant
  ID of Employee: 1401 , Name: Siavash , Family: Kameli , Profession: khafan accountant

/*Sample of recursive function to iterate on n-dimensional array*/
function msn_iterate_array( $array, $level = 1 ) {
  foreach ( $array as $key => $value ) {
    if ( is_array( $value ) ) {
      //echo 'level is: '. $level . '<br>';
      echo str_repeat( "&nbsp;", 4 * ( $level - 1 ) );
      echo $key, ' => <br>';
      msn_iterate_array( $value, $level + 1 );
    } else {
      echo str_repeat( "&nbsp;", 4 * ( $level - 1 ) );
      echo $key, ' => ', $value, ' ';
    }
    echo '<br>';
  }

}

$msn_sample_recursive_on_array = [
  ۱۰,
  ۲۰,
  ۳۰,
  [
    'name'       => 'safdar',
    'family'     => 'safdari',
    'Jangoolers' => [
      'bandbazi',
      'sedaye soosk',
      'poshtak varo'
    ],
  ],
  ۵۰,
  [ ۲۰۰, ۳۰۰, ۵۰۰ ]
];

msn_iterate_array( $msn_sample_recursive_on_array );

//The return is something like this in the following:
۰ => 10 
۱ => 20 
۲ => 30 
۳ => 
    name => safdar 
    family => safdari 
    Jangoolers => 
        ۰ => bandbazi 
        ۱ => sedaye soosk 
        ۲ => poshtak varo 


۴ => 50 
۵ => 
    ۰ => 200 
    ۱ => 300 
    ۲ => 500

/*Simple array sort*/
$msn_simple_array_for_sort = [ 110, 13, 2, 253, 99, 45, 73, 56 ];
sort( $msn_simple_array_for_sort );
var_dump( $msn_simple_array_for_sort );

echo '<br>';

/*Simple array with different types and Descending sort*/
$msn_simple_array_for_sort = [ 110, 13, 'gholam', 2, 253, 99, 45, 85.2, 'Ghanbarak', 73, 56 ];
sort( $msn_simple_array_for_sort );
var_dump( $msn_simple_array_for_sort );

/*Simple array with different types and Descending sort*/
$msn_simple_array_for_sort = [ 110, 13, 'gholam', 2, 253, 99, 45, 85.2, 'Ghanbarak', 73, 56 ];
rsort( $msn_simple_array_for_sort );
var_dump( $msn_simple_array_for_sort );

//The return is:
array (size=8)
  ۰ => int 2
  ۱ => int 13
  ۲ => int 45
  ۳ => int 56
  ۴ => int 73
  ۵ => int 99
  ۶ => int 110
  ۷ => int 253

array (size=11)
  ۰ => string 'Ghanbarak' (length=9)
  ۱ => string 'gholam' (length=6)
  ۲ => int 2
  ۳ => int 13
  ۴ => int 45
  ۵ => int 56
  ۶ => int 73
  ۷ => float 85.2
  ۸ => int 99
  ۹ => int 110
  ۱۰ => int 253

array (size=11)
  ۰ => int 253
  ۱ => int 110
  ۲ => int 99
  ۳ => float 85.2
  ۴ => int 73
  ۵ => int 56
  ۶ => int 45
  ۷ => int 13
  ۸ => int 2
  ۹ => string 'gholam' (length=6)
  ۱۰ => string 'Ghanbarak' (length=9)

*Simple asort for associative array*/
$simple_asort_for_associative_array_1 = [
  'first'  => 'Mehdi',
  'second' => 'gholam',
  'third'  => 'Akbar',
  'forth'  => 'Jafar',
];
asort( $simple_asort_for_associative_array_1 );
var_dump( $simple_asort_for_associative_array_1 );

/*Simple arsort for associative array*/
$simple_asort_for_associative_array_2 = [
  'first'  => 'Soltani',
  'second' => 'gholami',
  'third'  => 'Akbari',
  'forth'  => 'Jafari',
];

arsort( $simple_asort_for_associative_array_2 );
var_dump( $simple_asort_for_associative_array_2 );

/*Simple ksort for associative array*/
$simple_asort_for_associative_array_3 = [
  'name'   => 'Mehdi',
  'family' => 'Soltani',
  'id'     => '7728028',
  'age'    => '22',
];

ksort( $simple_asort_for_associative_array_3 );
var_dump( $simple_asort_for_associative_array_3 );

/*Simple krsort for associative array*/
$simple_asort_for_associative_array_3 = [
  'name'   => 'Mehdi',
  'family' => 'Soltani',
  'id'     => '7728028',
  'age'    => '22',
];

krsort( $simple_asort_for_associative_array_3 );
var_dump( $simple_asort_for_associative_array_3 );

//The return is: 

array (size=4)
  'third' => string 'Akbar' (length=5)
  'forth' => string 'Jafar' (length=5)
  'first' => string 'Mehdi' (length=5)
  'second' => string 'gholam' (length=6)

array (size=4)
  'second' => string 'gholami' (length=7)
  'first' => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
  'forth' => string 'Jafari' (length=6)
  'third' => string 'Akbari' (length=6)

array (size=4)
  'age' => string '22' (length=2)
  'family' => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
  'id' => string '7728028' (length=7)
  'name' => string 'Mehdi' (length=5)

array (size=4)
  'name' => string 'Mehdi' (length=5)
  'id' => string '7728028' (length=7)
  'family' => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
  'age' => string '22' (length=2)

/*Simple usort with */
$msn_usort_number = [ 4, 8, 3, 6, 2 ];
function msn_usort_for_number( $a, $b ) {
  if ( $a == $b ) {
    return 0;

  }
  echo "a: $a & b: $b <br>";

  return ( $a < $b ) ? - 1 : 1;
}

usort( $msn_usort_number, 'msn_usort_for_number' );
var_dump( $msn_usort_number );

/*User define sort by string length with usort in DESC mode*/

$animals = [ 'dog', 'tiger', 'giraffe', 'bear' ];

usort( $animals, function ( $a, $b ) {
  return strlen( $b ) - strlen( $a );
} );

var_dump( $animals );

//The return is:
a: 4 & b: 8 
a: 8 & b: 3 
a: 4 & b: 3 
a: 8 & b: 6 
a: 4 & b: 6 
a: 8 & b: 2 
a: 6 & b: 2 
a: 4 & b: 2 
a: 3 & b: 2 

array (size=5)
  ۰ => int 2
  ۱ => int 3
  ۲ => int 4
  ۳ => int 6
  ۴ => int 8

array (size=4)
  ۰ => string 'giraffe' (length=7)
  ۱ => string 'tiger' (length=5)
  ۲ => string 'bear' (length=4)
  ۳ => string 'dog' (length=3)

$msn_score = [
  'math'     => 18.5,
  'physics'  => 14.25,
  'history'  => 16,
  'sport'    => 20,
  'jeopardy' => 16
];

function msn_uasort_for_score( $x, $y ) {
  if ( $x == $y ) {
    return 0;
  }

  return ( $x < $y ) ? - 1 : 1;
}

uasort( $msn_score, 'msn_uasort_for_score' );
var_dump( $msn_score );
uksort( $msn_score, 'msn_uasort_for_score' );
var_dump( $msn_score );

//The return is:
array (size=5)
  'physics' => float 14.25
  'history' => int 16
  'jeopardy' => int 16
  'math' => float 18.5
  'sport' => int 20

array (size=5)
  'history' => int 16
  'jeopardy' => int 16
  'math' => float 18.5
  'physics' => float 14.25
  'sport' => int 20

// CREATE A TEST DATA SET - AN ARRAY OF OBJECTS
$obj          = new stdClass;
$obj->created = '2019-09-06';
$obj->rating  = '28';
$arr[0]       = $obj;
$obj          = new stdClass;
$obj->created = '2019-09-06';
$obj->rating  = '42';
$arr[1]       = $obj;
$obj          = new stdClass;
$obj->created = '2019-09-08';
$obj->rating  = '23';
$arr[3]       = $obj;
$obj          = new stdClass;
$obj->created = '2019-09-09';
$obj->rating  = '25';
$arr[4]       = $obj;
$obj          = new stdClass;
$obj->created = '2019-09-11';
$obj->rating  = '23';
$arr[6]       = $obj;
$obj          = new stdClass;
$obj->created = '2019-09-07';
$obj->rating  = '20';
$arr[7]       = $obj;
$obj          = new stdClass;
$obj->created = '2019-09-10';
$obj->rating  = '45';
$arr[10]      = $obj;

// A FUNCTION TO COMPARE created PROPERTIES
function sort_created_asc( $a, $b ) {
  return ( $a->created < $b->created ) ? - 1 : 1;
}

// SORT BY created PROPERTY
usort( $arr, 'sort_created_asc' );
echo PHP_EOL . "SORTED BY created: " . PHP_EOL;
var_dump( $arr );

//The return is:
array (size=7)
  ۰ => 
    object(stdClass)[2]
      public 'created' => string '2019-09-06' (length=10)
      public 'rating' => string '42' (length=2)
  ۱ => 
    object(stdClass)[1]
      public 'created' => string '2019-09-06' (length=10)
      public 'rating' => string '28' (length=2)
  ۲ => 
    object(stdClass)[6]
      public 'created' => string '2019-09-07' (length=10)
      public 'rating' => string '20' (length=2)
  ۳ => 
    object(stdClass)[3]
      public 'created' => string '2019-09-08' (length=10)
      public 'rating' => string '23' (length=2)
  ۴ => 
    object(stdClass)[4]
      public 'created' => string '2019-09-09' (length=10)
      public 'rating' => string '25' (length=2)
  ۵ => 
    object(stdClass)[7]
      public 'created' => string '2019-09-10' (length=10)
      public 'rating' => string '45' (length=2)
  ۶ => 
    object(stdClass)[5]
      public 'created' => string '2019-09-11' (length=10)
      public 'rating' => string '23' (length=2)

/*Sort multi-dimensional array*/
$animal_array      = [ "Dog", "Dog", "Cat" ];
$animal_name_array = [ "Pluto", "Fido", "Missy" ];

// sorting multiple arrays
array_multisort( $animal_array, SORT_ASC, $animal_name_array, SORT_DESC );
var_dump( $animal_array );
var_dump( $animal_name_array );

$multi_dimensional = [
  [ "۱۰", ۱۱, ۱۰۰, ۱۰۰, "a" ],
  [ ۱, ۲, "۲", ۳, ۱ ],
];
array_multisort( $multi_dimensional[0], SORT_ASC, SORT_STRING,
  $multi_dimensional[1], SORT_NUMERIC, SORT_DESC );
var_dump( $multi_dimensional );

/*
 * https://php.net/manual/en/function.array-multisort.php
 * */

/*Based on natural sort*/
$multi_dimensional = [
  [ "۱۰", ۱۱, ۱۰۰, ۱۰۰, "a" ],
  [ ۱, ۲, "۲", ۳, ۱ ],
];
array_multisort( $multi_dimensional[0], SORT_NATURAL,
  $multi_dimensional[1], SORT_NUMERIC, SORT_DESC );
var_dump( $multi_dimensional );


/*If you need to sort insensitive, you can use from that*/

$sort_by_flag_case = [
  [ 'Mehdi', 'ghazanfar', 'mehdi', 'Gholam' ],
  [ 'Soltani', 'ghazanfari', 'soltani', 'Gholami' ],
];

array_multisort( $sort_by_flag_case[1], SORT_FLAG_CASE | SORT_NATURAL );
var_dump( $sort_by_flag_case );

//The return is: 
array (size=3)
  ۰ => string 'Cat' (length=3)
  ۱ => string 'Dog' (length=3)
  ۲ => string 'Dog' (length=3)

array (size=3)
  ۰ => string 'Missy' (length=5)
  ۱ => string 'Pluto' (length=5)
  ۲ => string 'Fido' (length=4)

array (size=2)
  ۰ => 
    array (size=5)
      ۰ => string '10' (length=2)
      ۱ => int 100
      ۲ => int 100
      ۳ => int 11
      ۴ => string 'a' (length=1)
  ۱ => 
    array (size=5)
      ۰ => int 1
      ۱ => int 3
      ۲ => string '2' (length=1)
      ۳ => int 2
      ۴ => int 1

array (size=2)
  ۰ => 
    array (size=5)
      ۰ => string '10' (length=2)
      ۱ => int 11
      ۲ => int 100
      ۳ => int 100
      ۴ => string 'a' (length=1)
  ۱ => 
    array (size=5)
      ۰ => int 1
      ۱ => int 2
      ۲ => int 3
      ۳ => string '2' (length=1)
      ۴ => int 1

array (size=2)
  ۰ => 
    array (size=4)
      ۰ => string 'Mehdi' (length=5)
      ۱ => string 'ghazanfar' (length=9)
      ۲ => string 'mehdi' (length=5)
      ۳ => string 'Gholam' (length=6)
  ۱ => 
    array (size=4)
      ۰ => string 'ghazanfari' (length=10)
      ۱ => string 'Gholami' (length=7)
      ۲ => string 'Soltani' (length=7)
      ۳ => string 'soltani' (length=7)

$temp_array = ['vahid@','neda','saeed@','fatemeh','nafiseh','gholam@'];

$result = [];

foreach ($temp_array as $item) {
  if (1 === preg_match('/@$/', $item)) {
    $result[] = $item;
  }
}

var_dump($result);

//The result is something like this: 
array (size=3)
  ۰ => string 'vahid@' (length=6)
  ۱ => string 'saeed@' (length=6)
  ۲ => string 'gholam@' (length=7)